The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is by far the most dominant transport protocol in the Internet and is the protocol of choice for most network applications. The focus of this chapter is to present approaches for ad-hoc networks that provide the same end-to-end semantics as TCP. In this regard, we first investigate the different problems experienced by TCP in ad-hoc networks, and provide insights into how the different design components of TCP relate to the characteristics of such networks. We then identify three major classes of approaches to improve the transport layer performance in ad-hoc networks. We present a protocol instance for each of the three approaches in detail and highlight the specific problems it addresses. We also discuss the trade-offs stemming from the adoption of each of the protocols considered.
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